Chris
12-01-2016, 09:29 PM
An old paper, Do We Ever Really Get Out of Anarchy? (https://mises.org/library/revisiting-do-we-ever-really-get-out-anarchy), first published 30 years ago in the Journal if Libertarian Studies. The author draws on Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, and thanks Murray Rothbard and Walter Block.
It assumes the natural state of man is anarchy.
...Anarchy is a social order without Government, subject only to the economic laws of the market. Government is an agent external to society, a "third party" with the power to coerce all other parties to relations in society into accepting its conceptions of those relations....
...society is always in anarchy. A government only abolishes anarchy among what are called "subjects" or "citizens," hut among those who rule, anarchy prevails.
...The more plural the politics of a country, the more the rulers behave without any reference to a "third party" and thus the more society resembles natural anarchy. The less plural or more hierarchical the politics of a country, the more society appears to be ruled by a truly "external" element, a God-like figure sent from the heavens of history, religion or ideology....
...We have shown that anarchy, like matter, never disappears-it only changes form. Anarchy is either market anarchy or political anarchy. Pluralist, decentralized political anarchy is less violent than hierarchical political anarchy. Hence, we have reason to hypothesize that market anarchy could be less violent than political anarchy. Since market anarchy can be shown to outperform political anarchy in efficiency and equity in all other respects,' why should we expect anything different now? Wouldn't we be justified to expect that market anarchy produces less violence in the enforcement of property rights than political anarchy? After all, the market is the best economizer of all-wouldn't it also economize on violence better than government does, too?
The full .pdf is available here: https://mises.org/system/tdf/3_2_3_0.pdf?file=1&type=document
It assumes the natural state of man is anarchy.
...Anarchy is a social order without Government, subject only to the economic laws of the market. Government is an agent external to society, a "third party" with the power to coerce all other parties to relations in society into accepting its conceptions of those relations....
...society is always in anarchy. A government only abolishes anarchy among what are called "subjects" or "citizens," hut among those who rule, anarchy prevails.
...The more plural the politics of a country, the more the rulers behave without any reference to a "third party" and thus the more society resembles natural anarchy. The less plural or more hierarchical the politics of a country, the more society appears to be ruled by a truly "external" element, a God-like figure sent from the heavens of history, religion or ideology....
...We have shown that anarchy, like matter, never disappears-it only changes form. Anarchy is either market anarchy or political anarchy. Pluralist, decentralized political anarchy is less violent than hierarchical political anarchy. Hence, we have reason to hypothesize that market anarchy could be less violent than political anarchy. Since market anarchy can be shown to outperform political anarchy in efficiency and equity in all other respects,' why should we expect anything different now? Wouldn't we be justified to expect that market anarchy produces less violence in the enforcement of property rights than political anarchy? After all, the market is the best economizer of all-wouldn't it also economize on violence better than government does, too?
The full .pdf is available here: https://mises.org/system/tdf/3_2_3_0.pdf?file=1&type=document