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Thread: Harvard Study: Gender gap explained entirely by work choices

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    Harvard Study: Gender gap explained entirely by work choices

    Harvard Study: Gender gap explained entirely by work choices

    I am not sure they needed a study to come to this conclusion, but here it is.

    What do you think of when you hear the phrase “gender pay gap”? Perhaps you think of a man and woman who work exactly the same job at exactly the same place, but he gets paid more than she does. This sort of discrimination has been illegal in the United States since the passage of the Equal Pay Act in 1963.

    But that is not what is generally meant by the phrase “gender wage gap.” Instead, the commonly reported figure—that a woman earns 80 cents for every dollar earned by a man—is derived by taking the total annual earnings of men in the American economy in a given year and dividing that by the number of male workers. This gives you the average annual earnings of an American man. Then you do the same thing but for women. The average annual women’s earnings come in at about 80 percent of the average annual man’s earnings. Presto, you have a gender wage gap.

    Its headline claim is that the 80 cents figure is wrong; in fact, women earn more like 49 cents for each dollar a man earns. The authors, Stephen J. Rose and Heidi I. Hartmann—listed in that order because that is how it is presented on the cover of their report, not because of sexism—arrive at this conclusion by taking a longitudinal dataset from 2001-2015 and measuring average annual earnings across the period for people who worked any amount during any of these years, and then comparing the overall averages for male and female workers, as well as for different subsets of men and women. Workers who were employed full-time for the entire 15-year period are lumped in with those who worked only part-time or occasionally.

    Rather than starting with an observation (that 80-cent statistic) and examining possible causes, Hartmann and Rose have simply assumed a cause (rampant sexism) and carried out a slightly grander version of the back-of-a-cigarette-box calculation to support it. This isn’t how social science research should be done. It is exactly the wrong way round.
    A New Study Out of Harvard

    Remember, if we truly want to measure the impact of sexism on male and female relative earnings, we want to look at men and women doing exactly the same job at exactly the same place. Fortunately, a new study by Valentin Bolotnyy and Natalia Emanuel of Harvard University—again, listed in that order because that is how they are presented in their paper—does just this.

    They look at data from the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). This is a union shop with uniform hourly wages where men and women adhere to the same rules and receive the same benefits. Workers are promoted on the basis of seniority rather than performance, and male and female workers of the same seniority have the same choices for scheduling, routes, vacation, and overtime. There is almost no scope here for a sexist boss to favor men over women.
    And yet, even here, Emanuel and Bolotnyy find that female train and bus operators earn less than their male counterparts. From this observation, they go looking for possible causes, examining time cards and scheduling from 2011 to 2017 and factoring in sex, age, date of hire, tenure, and whether an employee was married or had dependents.
    They find that male train and bus drivers worked about 83 percent more overtime than their female colleagues and were twice as likely to accept an overtime shift—which pays time-and-a-half—on short notice and that around twice as many women as men never took overtime. The male workers took 48 percent fewer unpaid hours off under the Family Medical Leave Act each year. Female workers were more likely to take less desirable routes if it meant working fewer nights, weekends, and holidays. Parenthood turns out to be an important factor. Fathers were more likely than childless men to want the extra cash from overtime, and mothers were more likely to want time off than childless women.

    In other words, the difference in male and female earnings at the MBTA was explained by those “so-called ‘women’s choices,’” which Hartmann and Rose so easily dismissed.


    “The gap of $0.89 in our setting,” the authors concluded, “can be explained entirely by the fact that, while having the same choice sets in the workplace, women and men make different choices.”
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    Verifies what many of us have said. But the empirical data won't convince others.
    Tradition is not the worship of ashes, but the preservation of fire. ― Gustav Mahler

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    Quote Originally Posted by Chris View Post
    Verifies what many of us have said. But the empirical data won't convince others.
    The pay gap and a lack of funding for education are two nonfacts deeply embedded in the progressive consciousness
    Whoever criticizes capitalism, while approving immigration, whose working class is its first victim, had better shut up. Whoever criticizes immigration, while remaining silent about capitalism, should do the same.


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    Militant feminist types are not going to like this study.


    When you compare the earnings of a woman with the same experience as a man working in the same position in the very same company there is no pay gap.

    Men tend to work more overtime than women as well.

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    Quote Originally Posted by Tahuyaman View Post
    Militant feminist types are not going to like this study.


    When you compare the earnings of a woman with the same experience as a man working in the same position in the very same company there is no pay gap.

    Men tend to work more overtime than women as well.
    Yes, that is what the study showed.
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    Quote Originally Posted by Peter1469 View Post
    Yes, that is what the study showed.

    To be honest, most people who worked for living already knew this. We didn't need a study from a major university to prove it.

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    Quote Originally Posted by Tahuyaman View Post
    To be honest, most people who worked for living already knew this. We didn't need a study from a major university to prove it.
    Well, I guess getting data is worthwhile.
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    The gender gap has long been a recurring myth in leftist circles. It’s one of the most deceptive “facts” thrown around. Until you actually look into the data, it sounds completely misleading. I think even most lefties don’t actually realize what it really means when they say it.

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