https://www.bhpalmbeach.com/recovery-articles/efficacy-abstinence-treatment-vs-harm-reduction/
Just an update on researching Peter's information regarding harm reduction. I have had little time to research the European model however this article seems to take a fair look at what appears to be a jury is still out situation. It correctly points out that there are problems with obtaining realistic success rates for any drug treatment:The article compares total abstinence to Moderation Management. Definitions, investment in the outcome of the study , the time frame of the study, the self reporting nature of the data etc. cloud the idea of trying to tease out apple to apple success rates. I am for anything that helps addicts live a normal life. My guess at this time is that since we now largely use the term "alcohol use disorder" vs separating out alcohol abuse and alcoholism that the success rates with harm reduction techniques are largely driven by the abusers not the alcoholics. But it is merely a guess and I will continue to research when I have time. I would point out that despite MM being around for along time it was AA and the abstinence model that first brought hope to alcoholism treatment.
The only way I can see a true cure is to rewire the brain, which may be where shrooms and rye mold come in. Fascinating stuff!