In costs jurisdictions like the UK, Canada and Australia, the costs of litigation are often borne by the loser. If the defendant in an action has reason to believe that the plaintiff would be unable to pay those costs should their suit prove unsuccessful, the defendant can demand security for costs which is usually provided in the form of funds paid into the court, or held in a trust account operated jointly by both the plaintiff's and defendant's lawyers. This tends to discourage frivolous lawsuits.