While I won't discount that some good side effects occurred from the Enlightenment era, the primary falsehood of the era was the central mythos of "reason" being an authoritative source of knowledge.
The problem is that reason is an inferior faculty when it comes to understanding reality and existence, and nothing of any permanence can be known through reason as the external world constantly changes (reason being a less-evolved part of the human psyche shared with apes, which exists primarily for survivalistic reasons).
Reason can potentially lead us out of falsehood (just as reason is the source of all falsehood), but on its own it is worthless and has no inherent meaning or necessity.
Meaningful and inherent truth of existence can only be known through our more-evolved intuitive faculties (which relate to our understanding of the aesthetic and mathematical); interestingly women seem more naturally attune to this than men are and better capable of understanding real truth; given that the Enlightenment cult was dominated primarily by males (including many psychopaths).
The folly of the Enlightenment in part seems to be what proceeded forms of barbarism within the Industrial revolution and two World Wars; however given that the digital age and the birth of the internet, hopefully falsehood of the Enlightenment will be undermined given the "post-truth" nature of the area of social media, and the democratization of knowledge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment