The report in the journal Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine reported that doctors found THC - the mind-altering drug found in marijuana - in the baby’s system. Furthermore, the baby’s cause of death was reported to be a heart attack. Myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart, is rare in children, and fatal myocarditis is usually caused by the virus Coxsackievirus, which was not found during an autopsy.
The baby’s death also represents the first pediatric death from marijuana overdose. “Given the existing relationship between cannabis and cardiovascular (CV) toxicity, as well as the temporal progression of events, post-mortem analysis, and previously reported cases of cannabis-induced myocarditis, the authors propose a relationship between cannabis exposure in this patient and myocarditis, leading to cardiac arrest and ultimately death. This occurrence should justify consideration of urine drug screening for cannabis in pediatric patients presenting with myocarditis of unknown etiology in areas where cannabis is widely used,” the report stated.
Marijuana has been linked to other cases of heart inflammation, but those cases did not lead to death, the study’s authors found. “The link between cannabis use and myocarditis has been documented in multiple teenagers and young adults. In 2008 Leontiadis reported a 16-year-old with severe heart failure requiring a left ventricular assist device, associated with biopsy-diagnosed myocarditis. The authors attributed the heart failure to cannabis use of unknown chronicity. In 2014 Rodríguez-Castro reported a 29-year-old male who had two episodes of myopericarditis several months apart. Each episode occurred within two days of smoking cannabis. "In 2016, Tournebize reported a 15-year-old male diagnosed with myocarditis, clinically and by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, after initiating regular cannabis use eight months earlier. There were no other causes for myocarditis, including infectious, uncovered by these authors, and no adulterants were identified in these patients’ consumed marijuana,” the report stated.
The report also warned of the dangers of children ingesting marijuana “edibles.” “Unlike our patient, all three of these previously reported patients recovered. In the age of legalized marijuana, children are at increased risk of exposure, mainly through ingestion of food products, or ‘edibles.’ These products are attractive in appearance and have very high concentrations of THC, which can make small exposures exceptionally more toxic in small children,” the report stated. Doctors also recommended that parents be counseled to prevent marijuana exposure.
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